What is a Customer Invoice?

What is a Customer Invoice? 

Good question, a customer invoice is an accounting document.

Yes, but what it represents? It’s a request for payment of whichever thing provided to a customer.

Transaction to enter a customer invoice is FB70 or F-22. Also could be entered following the path:

SAP Menu->Accouting->Financial Accouting->Accounts Receivable->Document Entry-> FB70 Invoice or F-22 – Invoice General

When we are creating the customer invoice, we will enter in the first tab the Basic Data, like Posting date, Invoice Date, Currency, text, calculate tax (if apply), the customer number in the customer field… and don’t forget to enter In Payment tab the payment terms.

If you want to simulate the post of the document, the “Simulate” button is available. Very useful, once you agree with the displayed results by the simulation, the document could be posted using the “Save” button.

Financial Statement

Year-end closing is a complex task in whichever Company. A lot of activities are performed and many departments usually work on it.

As part of that stage the creation of the Financial Statement is very important, always taking into account the legal requirements of the country where the company belongs.

Are you now involved on this task? To perform it, previously you have to define a Financial Statement Version, matching with the layout of the required financial statement. The transaction to create the Financial Statement version is OB58.

The output of the execution could be configured to match with your requirements (using ABAP list viewer).

SAP provides transaction S_ALR_87012284 to generate the Financial Statement. The corresponding path is:

Accounting->Financial Accounting->General Ledger->Information System->General Ledger Reports (New)->Financial Statement/Cash Flow->General->Actual/Actual Comparisons.

Customer Master Data

Customers… En SAP we perform a special management of them. Without enter in CRM module, FI-SD offers a good management of customers. Master data is created and shared cross module, being FI and SD the main ones using this master data.

When we create a customer in SAP, several groups of information is entered. The Financial related one can be divided into 2 groups:

• General Data. Information entered like name, address, language, etc. 
• Company Code data. This information is related to the company code where the customer is used. Examples of data entered here: recondition account to be used, the payment terms, bank details, the dunning procedure, alternative payer, etc. 

SAP transaction code to enter Customer data is FD01 or XD01. Also following those paths:

SAP Menu->Accounting->Financial Accounting->Accounts Receivable->Master Records->FD01 – Create 

Or 

SAP Menu->Accounting->Financial Accounting->Accounts Receivable->Master Records->Maintain Centrally-> XD01 – Create 

After Customer creation, the data can be shown with FD03 or XD03; and modify with FD02 or XD02.

After that, the changes performed in the mater data can be listed using this transaction: FD04 or XD04. Old and new field values are listed for your checks.

Reverse a FI Document

Something you did is not right?

Don’t worry, once you have posted a document, still we have the possibility of reverse it. Specifically we have two options:

The first option is reverse the document individually, with SAP transaction FB08.

Path: SAP menu->Accounting->Financial Accounting->Document->Reverse->FB08 – Individual Reversal

With this option, you enter the document number, company code and fiscal year (to identify the document) and is mandatory also indicating a Reversal Reason between the list of reasons given by SAP (Incorrect WBS, Incorrect cost center, etc). Yes, it’s sure you’ll have a reason to reverse the document.

Additionally, we have a second option to reverse a document, several documents at the same execution, in mass mode, using the transaction F.80 

Path: SAP menu->Accounting->Financial Accounting->Document->Reverse->F.80 – Mass Reversal

With this option we have a set of fields to define the criteria to reverse the documents. It is important remark that we have the possibility of test run the execution previously to the real mass reversal. Yes, we strongly suggest run this transaction in test mode before the real execution.

Note: The system doesn’t allow reverse cleared items until the clearing is reset. In that case using the transaction FBRA the link between cleared item and clearing document is broken, and reverses should be possible. But be carefully with this “practice”.